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Importance Of Biochemistry In Medical Science

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Biochemistry is rapidly expanding, becoming one of the most influential areas of science. Combining the core tenets of biology and chemistry, the field plays a huge role in the development of novel new scientific approaches.Medical science cannot really exist without biochemistry. Without the ongoing flurry of scientific breakthroughs made by biochemists, we wouldn’t have the precise chemical knowledge to create the vital drugs, therapies and diagnostic tools that are used every day. Much like medical science itself, biochemistry is a vast area of research that yields profound discoveries each year. Biochemical techniques advance our understanding of the chemical structures and processes that underpin human health and disease, revealing the underlying transformations between them. The implications of uncovering the causes of pathologies on a cellular level are huge. By being able to call on a working knowledge of biochemistry and other related disciplines such as molecular ...
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DNA Fingerprinting

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 You will be amazed to know that over 99.9%of base sequences among human is the same. Now,the 0.1% differnce in base sequence make every individual unique in their phenotypic appearance. DNA fingerprinting is the best method to find out genetic differences among the individual of a population. Sequencing DNA every time is very expensive and daunting task.  DNA fingerprinting involves identifying differences in some specefic regions in DNA sequence, these are called repetitive DNA sequence,because in these sequences; a small stretch of DNA is repeated many times. These repetitive DNA are  seprated from bulk genomic DNA as differnt peaks during density gradient centrifugation. The bulk DNA forms major peaks and other small peaks are known as satellite DNA. Depending on base composition(A:T rich or G:C rich),length of segment and number of repetitive units, the satellite DNA is classified into many categories; such as micro satellite ,mini satellite e...
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DIVERSITY OF SPECIES ON EARTH AND IN INDIA

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It is not easy to answer that how many species are on earth.According to IUCN  the total no.of plant and animal species described are slightly more than 1.5million but we have no clear idea of how many species yet to be discovered.The most appropriate estimation given by Robert may shows that global species diversity is about 7millon.  Let us look at the biodiversity of currently available species.More than 70%of all the species recorded are animals,while plants. Comprise no more than 22%of total. Among animals, insects are the most species rich taxonomic group,making up more than 70%percent of total.That means out of every 10 animals on this planet,7 are insects. The most fascinating thing is that, the total no.of fungi species in the world is more than the combined total of the species of fishes,amphibians,reptiles and mammals.Also,biologist are not sure about how many prokaryotes species there might be. The problem is that the conventional taxonomic ...
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OᖇIGIᑎ ᗩᑎᗪ EᐯOᒪᑌTIOᑎ Oᖴ ᗰᗩᑎ

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About 15 mya,primates called Dryopithecus and Ramapithecus were existing.They were hairy and walked like gorillas and chimpanzees.Ramapithecus was more man-like while,Dryopithecus was more ape like. Few fossils of man-like bone have been discovered in Ethiopia and Tanzania. These revealed hominid features leading to the belief that about 3-4mya, man-like primates walked in eastern Africa. They were probably not taller than 4feet but walked up right. 2mya, Australopithecines probably lived in East African grassland.Evidence showed they hunted with stone weapons but essentially ate fruit. Some of the bones among the bones discovered were different. This creature was called the first human-like being the hominid and was called Homo habilis. There brain capacity were between 650-800cc.They probably did not eat meat. Fossils discovered in Java in 1891 revealed the next stage,i.e.,Homo erectus about 1.5mya. Homo erectus had a large brain around 900cc.Homo...
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Common diseases in humans

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1 .TYPHOID: Salmonella typhi is a pathogenic bacterium which causes typhoid fever in humans. These pathogen generally enter the small intestine through food and water contaminated with them and migrate to other organs through blood.Common symptoms of this disease are-Sustained high fever 39°Cto 40°C,weakness, stomach pain,constipation,headache and loss of appetit.Sometimes it become severe and causes intestinal perforating and death. 2.PNEUMONIA: Pneumonia is a disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae  and Haemophilus influenzae .In humans they infect the alveoli(air filled sacs)of lungs.As a result of infection,the alveoli get filled with fluid leading to severe problems ij respiration. Symptoms of pneumonia include fever,chills coughs and headache. Sometimes lips and finger nails may turn grey to bluish in color . A healthy person acquires it by sharing utensils and glasses inhaling aresols/droplets released by infected one. 3.COMMON COLD: M...
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Fantasy of crops:India

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1  There is only limited land available for cultivation in india (in comparison to the total population).The developments of several high yielding varieties if plants is necessary. There are various plant breeding techniques are available which lead to increased production. Talking about a plant which very popular among us -"sugarcane"is very interesting.  Saccharum barberi was originally grown in north india,but it has poor sugar content and yield.on the other hand ,the tropical canes grown in south india i .e., Saccharum officinarum had a thicker stem and dealt with high sugar content .But it did not grow in north India very well.So the two species crossed successfully with desirable qualities and a new one is obtained Now,this new hybrid variety can be grown easily in north india also. 2   During 1960 to 2000,wheat production increases from 11million tonnes to 75 million tonnes .This was due to semi dwarf varieties of wheat. Nobel laureate Norman E.Borl...
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